![]() ![]() Open channels are used to conduct liquids in most sewer systems, sewage treatment plants, industrial waste applications, and irrigation systems. And by using the structure’s associated equation or table, the flow rate can be calculated. These hydraulic structures enable flow calculation by measuring the water depth at a single point. The most practical method for Open channel flow measurement is accomplished by the use of a hydraulic structure flumes and weirs. Examples are rivers, irrigation/drainage ditches, canals, and for sanitary sewer. A rating flume is a simple hydraulic structure that commonly consists of a converging section, a throat, and a diverging section ( One of the most commonly used flumes which can accurately measure the water flow is Parshall Flumes, created by Parshall (1928). The second type of flow type, Open Channel, is best described as, water that flows with a “free surface” typically in a non-pressurized (atmospheric) pipe or channel. A typical example of a closed channel flow is a city potable water line that is metered with a turbine meter. The measured height of water entering the flume and the height in the constricted area (the throat) can be used to calculate the water flow rate. Flow measurement is typically performed by inserting a mechanical meter, venture meter, magnetic meter within the pipe. A flume consists of a constriction in the cross-sectional area of flow. A Closed Channel can be described as water flow through a completely filled pressurized pipe. Concreting of throat section of l-foot trapezoidal suplercritical-flow flume using steel angle screeds. dhg consction of l-foot trapezoidal flume. There are two basic types of flow systems closed channel, and open channel. Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations of the United States Geological Survey Chapter Al4 USE OF FLUMES IN MEASURING DISCHARGE By F. Flow measuring techniques will vary depending on the application flow type. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |